The Last of the Mohicans as a Mixture of Genres Essay Example For Students

The Last of the Mohicans as a Mixture of Genres Essay James Fenimore Coopers The remainder of the Mohicans is regularly observed as a straightforward experience story inside the authentic casing of the French and Indian war. Just in the event that we break down the novel in a closer manner, we will understand that it goes past this name and that its sources are numerous and differed, giving the work the extravagance of the class on which Coopers tale is based. These are sentimentalism, western, being its creator one of the harbingers of these classifications in the U. S. A. , imprisonment accounts and epic. In works having a place with Romanticism, nature is given an incredible significant job. Truth be told, the activity happens in the outside, with the exception of the parts of the attack of Fort William Henry, so it is the setting which prevails along the work. The nearby association between the characters of sentimental books and nature is exemplified in the characters of Chingachgook, Uncas and Hawkeye, which separated from knowing where they live and being totally adjusted to it, they think about nature as a heavenly substance. We will compose a custom paper on The Last of the Mohicans as a Mixture of Genres explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now In his presentation of this novel in the Oxford Classics version, John Mcwilliams concurs with this confirmation of the inferring that for Cooper it was more than where they move; it was the very state of life, the shaper of virtues and of human conduct, for good and for sick. Likewise, the equivalent occurs in other significant sentimental American books, for example, Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter and Herman Melvilles Moby Dick. In the previous, Hester and his little girl Pearl live in close association with nature as a wellspring of good opportunity, and in the last mentioned, the Nantucketeers view themselves as a component of the ocean. The topic of patriotism, a repetitive purpose of this sort, is available in two different ways, appearing from one viewpoint the experiences of the gallant pioneers of the U. S. A. battling all together make another country, and then again, the undertakings of the last two Mohicans, delegates of the mother of every single Indian clan. Identified with this angle, there is likewise an enthusiasm for information about social starting points. This inquiry of patriotism likewise shows up in Moby Dick since the Nantucketeers appear to view themselves as the main champions and proprietors of the oceans, a reality which communicates the supposed show fate broadcasted by John Louis OSullivan in 1845. Conversely, The Scarlet Letter recounts to an invented story in the seventeenth-century Boston scrutinizing the puritan American pilgrims. One of the principle attributes of the class is the magnification of the faculties and feelings which are spoken to by Hawkeye and the Indians as a rule, which, as we have referenced previously, live nearer to nature than the white men, which in spite of the fact that they represent reason and insight they are unequipped for adjusting to a wild world in which they attempt to apply their guidelines, methodologies and progressions. By and large, the picture that we acquire of the white men is certifiably not a positive one for they are delineated as frail creatures who can not shield themselves and have carried war to a tranquil nation, as Magua guarantees in part 10: Was it war, when the drained Indian rested at the sugar - tree to taste his corn! Who filled the hedges with adversaries! Who drew the blade! Along these lines, the work depicts one of the fundamental points of sentimentalism, that is, a rebel against logic. The subject of history in The Last of the Mohicans may make the peruser feel that he is before a novel having a place with the class of chronicled fiction. A portion of the highlights of this type can be applied to this work, however just hastily. The story is set previously, the timespan is the center of the story and in this way influences the occasions, we can discover verifiable characters, for the most part pioneers, as General Montcalm, Brigadier-General Daniel Webb and Lieutenant-Colonel Monro and places as Fort Edward and William Henry or Glens Falls. In any case, the remaking of the occasions isn't sufficiently unwavering, as MacWilliams announces in his article The chronicled Contexts of The Last of the Mohicans, since the Iroquois, the Delaware and the Hurons were not traveling tracker warriors but rather a remarkable converse, the authentic loyalties between white-men and Indians are turned around in the novel, and the supposed Fort William Henry slaughter after the British acquiescence was not something like this. Aside from this, the attack of Fort William Henry is connected in three parts. As a result, in spite of the fact that this it influences the account, it is just a point inside the entire story, a reality that stands out from other recorded fiction books second to none, for example, Franz Werfels Forty Days of Musa Dagh or Robert Graves I Claudius, in which the authentic realities and the account don't break apart. Recorded fiction generally recounts to reasonable stories, in any case, in The Last of the Mohicans, there are some unrealistic circumstances which are not appropriate for this classification; for example, the heroes are continually at serious risk yet they are only from time to time hurt. Aside from this, the part where Hawkeye and Duncan Heyward camouflages so as to enter Maguas town, aside from being impossible, gives the portrayal a hilarious quality which can't let us consider it either as a genuine or sensible story, a contention which is strengthened by the experience that David Gamut survives, since he is permitted to live with Maguas antagonistic clan without stimulating doubt simply because the Indians like the music he plays. .u53973520858cf492692b0914e26f2cc1 , .u53973520858cf492692b0914e26f2cc1 .postImageUrl , .u53973520858cf492692b0914e26f2cc1 .focused content region { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u53973520858cf492692b0914e26f2cc1 , .u53973520858cf492692b0914e26f2cc1:hover , .u53973520858cf492692b0914e26f2cc1:visited , .u53973520858cf492692b0914e26f2cc1:active { border:0!important; } .u53973520858cf492692b0914e26f2cc1 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u53973520858cf492692b0914e26f2cc1 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; darkness: 1; change: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u53973520858cf492692b0914e26f2cc1:active , .u53973520858cf492692b0914e26f2cc1:hover { haziness: 1; progress: mistiness 250ms; webkit-change: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u53973520858cf492692b0914e26f2cc1 .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relative; } .u53973520858cf492692b0914e26f2cc1 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-enrichment: underline; } .u53973520858cf492692b0914e26f2cc1 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u53973520858cf492692b0914e26f2cc1 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-tallness: 26px; moz-outskirt sweep: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-beautification: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .u53973520858cf492692b0914e26f2cc1:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u53973520858cf492692b09 14e26f2cc1 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u53973520858cf492692b0914e26f2cc1-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u53973520858cf492692b0914e26f2cc1:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Controlled Airspace In The United States EssayAs an outcome, it is without a doubt to certify that the novel shows the highlights of idealist ensemble sentiments in spite of its misrepresentation to accuracy, setting in the past so as to loan assurance to characters and experiences which once in a while are inconceivable, a confirmation which diverges from the writers comment at the earliest reference point of the prelude of the 1826 release: The peruser, who takes up these volumes, in desire for finding a nonexistent and sentimental picture of diminishes which never had a presence, will most likely lay them aside, disillusioned. The Last of the Mohicans filled in as a source from which another sort developed, western. The books, short stories, movies and TV or radio demonstrates having a place with this type present a lot of normal highlights so that it is evidently to assert that this work by Cooper is one of the principle precursors of this kind. The fundamental topic is the restraining of wild terrains and the development past their wildernesses. They show experiences managing the opening of the west to white settlement and the contentions, primarily between the pioneers and the Indian Native Americans. The most noteworthy contrast between the delegates of this type and its herald is that of setting and time; though the occasions related in The Last of the Mohicans happen in the domains close to Lake Champlain before the Civil War, the others occur in western Mississippi, specifically the Great Plains and the southwest after the war. Bondage stories are additionally a key hotspot for The Last of the Mohicans as should be obvious in The Indians and their Captives by James Leverner and Hennig Cohen. They attest that the character of Hawkeye depends on two unbelievable figures whose accounts were very well known among the American individuals of the eight-tenth century, a reality that has darkened their lives so that what we think about them is a blend of established truths and legend. The first of them is Tim Murphy, which after the Indians slaughtered his better half and youngsters turned into a single individual whose endeavors and abilities as scout, so

Benjamin Franklin :: American History

Benjamin Franklin Benjamin Franklin has impacted American innovation, and by implication, ways of life by utilizing his proficiencies and knowledge to direct various investigations, show up at speculations, and produce a few developments. Franklin's logical and systematic psyche empowered him to create many enduring accomplishments which added to the turn of events and refinement of present day innovation. Hardly any national saints, including George Washington and Thomas Jefferson, assumed an increasingly noteworthy job in molding the American lifestyle than Franklin. As per Fowler, He embodied the perfect of the independent man, and his ascent from lack of clarity to greatness exemplified the American dream (32). Looby includes, The investigation of Franklin's picture for as far back as two centuries shows that his inheritance had a particular spot in American culture (85). It has been felt by numerous individuals throughout the years that there was no United States creator as extraordinary as Franklin until the hour of Thomas A. Edison (Blow 24). Franklin's words to a companion in Pennsylvania, Joseph Huey, best clarify his demeanor not just toward what he thought about his municipal obligations, yet additionally his examinations as a researcher or scholar. He made the absolute generally acclaimed and unquestionably the most handy disclosures of his time. For my own part, when I am utilized in serving others, I don't view myself as presenting favors, however as paying obligations. In my movements, and since my settlement, I have gotten a lot of consideration from men, to whom I will never have any chance of making the least immediate return . . . I can accordingly just profit for their kindred men; and I can just show my appreciation for these kindnesses from God, by an availability to support his other youngsters and my Brethren (Dineen 6). Wright cites Franklin as saying, As we appreciate incredible points of interest from the developments of others, and, we ought to be happy of a chance to serve others by any creation of o ur own (19). Franklin sums up his demeanor toward his creations by posing the inquiry, What implies Philosophy that doesn't have any significant bearing to some utilization? (Fleming 21). Some other time Franklin is cited as saying, Utility is as I would like to think the experiment in issues of creation, and that a revelation which can be applied to no utilization, or isn't useful for something is useless (Burlingame 39). Franklin never guaranteed a penny for any of his developments, gadgets or investigations. He even circulated nitty gritty plans of a portion of his innovations with the goal that anybody could claim them.

Summer RecapThe Book Launch

Summer Recapâ€"The Book Launch For several reasons, it’s been quite a while since my last blog. Between then and now, a fusillade of transformations has taken place. Rather than present a disjointed patchwork of events from here and there, I’ll just take a deep breath and start from the beginning, when summer was peaking and plans were forming. Book Launch In 2012, I started working on a novel. In 2013, it was completed. In 2014, it was published. The journey from the first uncertain scrawl of words to the final product was a weird, imprecise zigzag, but it’s also one I never foresaw. Back then, if you had asked me why I was writing the book, I probably would have looked at you with furrowed brows and a surprised look. Why? Why I’m writing it? Because…because… I want to? No, not quite. I mean, yes, of course I want to write. But that’s not why. I don’t know what the why is. I don’t know why the kidnapping on the news stuck with me the way it did, why it bounced around and persisted in my head, fermenting and ripening until it suddenly felt too much to simply be contained. It just had to be written. I couldn’t say why, but it just had to be, and in the absence of words to give shape to this looming story, it persisted like a large pimple, needing immediate attention. The moment I began typing the words, it was like getting lost, vanishing into a dark cabinet where warm voices murmur and where you feel comfort despite the lack of sight. That’s why I wrote the book, and I don’t think I can articulate it any better than that. What I do know is that I never really intended for it to be published, at least not until the later stages of the novel, a hundred thousand words into the demented lives of Joseph and Ashley. I was writing because, just because, fullstop, and the idea of publishing held the same substance that MIT once dida height to be contemplated and admired, never grasped. But I already spoke about how dreams sometimes spring out of the boxes they reside in. I just want to talk about the process of bringing the published book to life. A book needs readers, right? So the publishing press put together a small planning committee. We upturned every rock, burnt the midnight oil, trying to figure out how to promote the book. Ultimately, we decided on a pre-sales book launch that would bring together students, parents, friends, government personnel and the media into a whirlwind of publicity. The launch took place on the nineteenth of June. Teachers from my high school showed up with students. My friends trickled in, all of them looking so much more different than I remembered. Government ministries were represented, of education, of power. So were companies I suppose were curious about the book, and about whatever waves it was stirring. I think a lot of the unexpectedly profound publicity had a lot to do with my age juxtaposed against the sheer size of the book. Prior to the launch, I went around a lot, meeting people, introducing the book, giving summaries and free copies and autographs. Whenever they saw it for the first time, there was a certain way their eyes popped open. Sure, they knew I’d written something, but it was so…big. I found this near-universal surprise a little amusing. They’d ask how I’d done it, and it would seem a bit weird because I had had a year and I wrote all the time, and the daily hours of investment, which I guess accumulated pretty fast, seemed sort of normal at the time. I write with every chance I get. And like anything, it just piles up. Anyway, for the launch, I was dressed in a spiffy red suit, which made me feel claustrophobic. I was also nervous as hell. I remember diving into a bathroom moments before everything began, just breathing in and out, staring at myself in the mirror. The cynical, consistently loud, consistently self-aware and self-criticizing part of me I think comes with writing was actually quiet that day. All of me was quiet, inside and out. I knew it was a huge day, or was supposed to be a huge day, but staring at myself, with my bent glasses hinged on my crooked nose, I couldn’t quite process anything, except the feeling of bigness, of being overwhelmed without being sure why. Then the event started. Guests of honors were rattled out, most notably a state governor who had sent in a representative. There were a few remarks about the book, followed by an in-depth review by a professor. And I do mean in-depth. His review was long and detailed and sweeping, and brought to light his opinions on the merits and flaws of the book. For instance, to his taste, my symbolism was overdone and a lot of phrases were notably unduly complicated or odd-sounding. But overall, his review was positive. He praised the characters, the realistic nature of their depressing situations. It was actually the first official review of the book, and the first professional review I’d heard and I think I was most aware of the fact that all these people were here listening to him talk about the book, while I sat at the other side of the room, facing the crowd, still sort of shell-shocked. After the review was over, I read a few pages from the book, somehow without hyperventilating into a nervous mess on the floor. Then the sales began. There were lots of pictures and lots of poses and lots of interviews and lots of clicking cameras. People smiling and talking and mingling and pulling me in all directions when the launch ended. But to my ears, the inner ears that no one could probe, there was only the loudness of my heartbeat, the awe. I dont know why. I do know that the day of the launch was one of the happiest days of my life. During the launch, most people bought the book at its normal price, but a lot of others, mostly government personnel, wanted to show support for the book and the publishers, and thus voluntarily bought copies at significantly higher amounts. As a result, the novel broke even on the first day of sale, and since then has made over forty thousand dollars. Aftermath A lot followed the day of the launch. I still went everywhere I could, trying to promote it. My high school gave me a booth during its Class of 2014 Graduation Ceremony where I sat for several hours and talked about the book to parents. And while sales did happen all the time, they also didn’t happen a lot of times. Since I was one of several people involved in direct sales, there were times I would walk up to people to talk about the book and they would quickly shut me downâ€"the natural fear of all salespeople, I think, wherein we all agree that they are soul-sucking time-wasting leeches. I remember in particular, approaching a bored-looking woman during the graduation ceremony, asking her if I could interest her in the book. She said “sure” and I went into a detailed explanation as to what it was all about. She nodded and smiled and after I was done, she asked, “Are you done?” “Yes,” I said. “Okay,” she replied. “No.” Then she got up and left. There were other variantsâ€"“I’m not interested” and “Please I’m busy” and the noncommittal “Okay, I’ll come by later and check it out, I promise.” But the ones that did sell involved the same first stepâ€"having the courage to go up and talk to people. They didn’t come over to the booths by themselvesâ€"at least many of them didn’t. A lot of times, I had to take a breath in and walk up to them and say, “Hey, can I talk to you about this book?” I’m not very good with public speaking. Heck, people have a consistently hard time trying to figure out what I’m saying. I was too aware of this and was always nervous, but somehow always managed to slip into that neutral, controlled, traveling salesman voice whenever I had to. It was a powerful learning experience, and for each sale and each rejection that came from me reaching out to someone, I was at least proud of my effort. ** The book was featured in three national newspapers, a literary magazine and a national TV channelâ€"African Independent Television. For the TV bit, I naturally had to go up to be interviewed. On live TV. And I didn’t realize it was live until moments before the program started. I probably would have if I hadn’t been so late. So the extensive network of offices, satellites and equipment that comprise AIT are situated on top of a hill, but this hill is shrouded by extensive high-rises of jutting rocks and sprawling vegetation, and thus making it out from the ground is impossible. There was no internet to even permit me to fool around on a GPS, and even though my parents (who were driving me there) had the address, we had no real clue where the place was. We resorted to the “Nigerian GPS” system, which means stopping continuously to ask passersby for direction. Which was fun because one would say, “Head a few miles north this way” and we would head north and ask someone else who would say, “Nope, wrong direction, head several miles south the opposite way!” But we did end up finding the station in the nick of time. I was supposed to be featured on a live Sunday afternoon show called “Frontline”, and we were dangerously close to running late. Thus, there was no time to prepare. The show’s host, Martin Ilo, hurried me into the newsroom. I was more or less shoved into a seat. A swarm of people surrounded me, powdering my face and my nose with all sorts of weird things that, in my disoriented state of mind, could have been anything from lotion to rat poison. Then bright halogen lights washed my face and my host’s in strange glows, and a million cameras rose like vanishing angels and Martin told me to be calm and collected and just think of him as a casual friend and then the show began. I’m still not sure how that went, but it was definitely fun. So yeah, the book did make more waves than my mind had ever imagined (or intended) it would, but I think the smallest wave it made, at least from a grand cosmic world view or just some objective point of view, was the biggest one for me. But I’ll get to that in just a bit. In Closing, A Few Things From the moment I started writing the book and up to its current evolving state today, I learnt a lot. I don’t want to spend too much time talking about lessons, because they were mostly for me anyway, and they felt like the sort of lessons that imprinted themselves on you by virtue of experience, as opposed to some grand lecturing, but I do wanna say a few things. First, people make dreams happen. Not just a person, people. And there are so many of them I’m grateful for, the wheels of the cog without whom the book would have never spun and taken flight. My parents and friends, the publishers and the salespeople, the government officials that helped out and were willing to let me engage them. So just think about that. That one idea you’ve spent harboring will not be driven to fruition in a dingy basement or a lonely lab. And that’s one of the most comforting, most relieving facts I know. Second, we’re all capable of courage, but for the things we care most about, it really shows itself when it counts the most. Talking to people, being in the center of things, making public statements, these are the sort of things I can happily do when writing, because the words have a certain drum with which they flow to my head, and it’s rhythmic enough for me that I don’t care so much about how others perceive it. Speaking is almost the direct opposite, and having to do so much of it in such little time was far beyond my comfort zone. But that’s where our most strong-legged dreams will want to take us, beyond our comfort zones. We shouldn’t be afraid to follow them as they lead us. And finally, make small waves. Whenever you can. I talked about the physically small wave that actually ended up meaning so much to meâ€"and that wave was my little brother, Johnpaul, who I think represented the biggest aftermath of the book launch for me. Johnpaul had been at the book launch. The day afterward, I found him on the house desktop, which meant the universe was still in order because he was always there playing some really old version of FIFA. But this time, he wasn’t playing a game. As I came upon what he was doing, I was pretty surprised. “Johnpaul?” I said. “What are you doing?” He looked up from the Microsoft Office document, where at the corner, I saw he had written seven hundred words thus far. “I want to be like you,” he said. “I want to write my own book too.” For me, that small wave was the biggest one. **

Adolph Coors Case Study On The Beer Industry - 1426 Words

Adolph Coors Case Study The Adolph Coors Case Study proved the dedication and self-reliance Coors brings to the beer industry. Having overcome great adversity by surviving the prohibition years, Coors durability and sustainability are also complimentary points on the structure of the company. Coors is a family owned company that had humble beginnings in Colorado and within 100 years grew into a multimillion-dollar company. Coors’ controlled manufacturing process is a sign of their individuality in the beer industry, this was not an unknown fact, however, as they were receiving orders to ship Coors beer all across the nation as of 1972. The case study allowed an internal and external point of view, which was highly beneficial to properly analyze their upcoming problem within the company. Unfortunately, this case study highlighted a point in time where Coors was not performing well. The first visible sign of their struggles was in Quiz 4, which highlighted Coors income per barrel drastic deterioration from 1977 to 1985. The charts and graphs included at the back of the case study gave a graphic representation of the relatively low market share Coors held in 1977 and how this decreased in coming years compared to companies such as Anheuser-Busch, Miller, Stoh, and Heileman. Market share is an important value driver when increasing a firm’s performance based on a comprehensive value metrics framework, and with Coors industry market share being low this provides a problem.Show MoreRelatedAnheuser Busch and Coors Brewing Company6250 Words   |  25 PagesStrategic Analysis of Anheuser-Busch Companies and Coors Brewing Company Tuesday, October 18, 2011 Contents Introduction 3 Industry Analysis 3 Barriers to Entry: 3 Competitive Rivalry: 4 Power of Suppliers: 5 Power of Buyers: 5 Substitutes: 6 Summary of Five Forces: 6 Strategy Analysis 7 Anheuser-Busch 7 Operational Excellence 7 Customer Intimacy: 9 Evaluation of Anheuser-Busch’s Strategy: 10 Coors Brewing Company: 11 Operational Excellence: ThroughRead MoreCoors : Coors And The Brewing Industry Essay1355 Words   |  6 PagesCoors Case Study This is an analysis of Adolph Coors in the Brewing Industry. Adolph Coors opened operations in 1873 in Golden, Colorado. After surviving through the prohibition, Coors expanded and maintained a set geographic area, including 11 states in the western United States, to operate in until 1975. During this time the company experienced an impressive steady increase in sells year to year, increasing from 90,000 barrels up to 12.3 million barrels in 1974. Volume decreased for the firstRead Morecoors case1335 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ South Delaware Coors Inc. Case #1 Problem Statement In 1873, Adolph Coors built a small brewery called Coors in Golden, Colorado. Now, as of 2014, this small brewery has become the largest single brewery facility in the world. Over the years, the company has expanded their market and has become the third largest brewer in the United States. Larry Brownlow, a young entrepreneur, wanted to operate his own business after completing graduate school. He agreed to a distributorship opportunityRead MoreBoston Beer Case Study Analysis Essay1852 Words   |  8 PagesBoston Beer Company Case Study Analysis 1. Boston Beer’s strategy is primarily focused on growth through differentiation. The sources of its competitive advantage can be classified as a company that provides high quality beer with unique flavors, a market driven approach, and a very efficient contract brewing strategy. In terms of quality, the company created a premium beer by its selective use of ingredients and less water. Boston Beer has won honors such as being the first American beerRead MoreCoors Brewing Company, Inc.3254 Words   |  14 PagesCase Study Analysis Coors Brewing Company, Inc. MBA 4231, Achieving Strategic Advantage II Daniels College of Business University of Denver May 27, 2004 Executive Summary Throughout most of its history, the Coors Brewing Company (Coors) has been a regionalized brewer within the United States, specializing in high-quality beer through by virtue of its source water selection, stringent production standards, and cold filtered brewing approach. As the company expanded its distribution to newRead MoreCase Study Molson Coors Brewing Company5324 Words   |  22 PagesCASE STUDY: MOLSON COORS BREWING COMPANY 1. COMPANY HISTORY, DEVELOPMENT AND GROWTH The Molson Coors Brewing Company is an alcohol beverage company. It manufactures and markets beers and other beverage products through its subsidiaries across the world. Commercializes its products under a line of owned and partner brands. MCBC operates through four reportable segments, namely, Canada, the US, the UK, and Molson Coors International (MCI). Some of its major brands include Coors Light, Molson CanadianRead MoreCase Study Molson Coors Brewing Company5316 Words   |  22 PagesCASE STUDY: MOLSON COORS BREWING COMPANY 1. COMPANY HISTORY, DEVELOPMENT AND GROWTH The Molson Coors Brewing Company is an alcohol beverage company. It manufactures and markets beers and other beverage products through its subsidiaries across the world. Commercializes its products under a line of owned and partner brands. MCBC operates through four reportable segments, namely, Canada, the US, the UK, and Molson Coors International (MCI). Some of its major brands include Coors Light, MolsonRead MoreRedhook Ale Brewery4469 Words   |  18 Pagesspecialty beer, referred to as craft beer. Craft beer is a more flavorful, fuller bodied premium beer. follows traditional old world brewing methods. and uses high-quality materials. The company started as a microbrewery but grew continually and reached national status by the end of 1996. Shipman, one of Redhooks founders, had guided the company from a small player in one city to a leading position as a national competitor and aimed at dominating the craft beer segment of the domestic beer industry. TheRead MoreMarketing Strat egy of Bud Light3687 Words   |  15 Pages10. Possible Strategies for Anheuser-Busch in General 9 11. Conclusion 9 I. Appendices II. References III. Internet resources Summary The author chooses t0 write the report about Anheuser-Busch’s Bud Light because it is the best-selling beer in the world. In this report the author has outlined in detail the current status by using the SWOT and PESTLE analysis of the company Anheuser-Busch which is the producer of Bud Light. The Legal issues have been shorted because the discovered factRead MoreCraft Brewing Case Study3080 Words   |  13 PagesCRAFT-BREWING INDUSTRY CASE-STUDY] Submitted By Andrew Bankui Laith A.Rahim Sergio Mattos TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.................................................................................................3 a) PURPOSE OF THE REPORT†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.3 b) CRAFT-BREWING INDUSTRY ANALYSIS †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.3 c) RECOMMENDATIONS †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.4 INTRODUCTION†¦.............................................................................................................5 CASE ANALYSIS

Using the Common French Expression Casser Les Pieds

The French expression casser les pieds à   quelquun is a weird one, a true idiom that doesnt directly translate. Phrased correctly, it means to annoy someone. This expression has evolved from casser la cervelle to casser les oreilles to casser les pieds, with the meaning of casser being more to crush than to break. It is a very commonly-used expression in French. Il me casse les pieds avec ses problà ¨mes He really annoys/bores me with his problems. The idea behind casser les pieds is more annoyance than boredom. But its used with both meanings. Note that the construction requires an indirect object pronoun. This means the expression is used with words such as me, te, lui, nous, vous, and leur. Idioms are tricky in every language. In French, its not usual to say break a leg to wish good luck to someone, for example. Casser les Pieds This is an odd-looking idiom. If you say casser les pieds à   quelquun, it means to annoy/bore someone. If you say casser les pieds DE quelquun its physical, and it means you broke someones feet. On jouait au foot...Pierre a tirà © dans le ballon en mà ªme temps que moi. Il ma donnà © un grand coup de pied et il ma cassà © le pied. We were playing soccer...Peter shot the ball at the same time as I did. He kicked me hard and broke my foot. Pierre a passà © la soirà ©e à   me raconter ses problà ¨mes de coeur, et quand je lui ai dit darrà ªter, il est allà © casser les pieds à   quelquun dautre. Pierre spent the evening telling me his love problems, and when I told him to stop, he went on to annoy someone else. Synonyms There are a number of synonyms for this phase, including some very common vulgar options that appear in everyday French language and pop culture. Boredom Sennuyer (very common) Sennuyer comme un rat mort, or like a dead rat, which means to be very bored. (Common expression) Se faire chier (very common vulgar slang) Annoyance Ennuyer, agacer, exaspà ©rer, importuner (quite formal) quelquun. Casser les oreilles à   quelquun meeans literally to break someones ears, but this expression is mostly used when someone talks too much. Faire chier quelquun (very common vulgar slang)

Annotated Bibliography Of Yeats B William Poems English Literature Essay Free Essays

The importance of this book is that it contains some of the plants of poesy which were carried out by William Yeats. Arguably, the most outstanding characteristic in the book is the effort at portraying the displacement that characterized Yeats in his work, so that his plants are arranged about chronologically to underline this point of view. Works that depict him as a bard of the Celtic Twilight, resuscitating Rosicrucian symbols and fables are the most frontal. We will write a custom essay sample on Annotated Bibliography Of Yeats B William Poems English Literature Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now These are followed up by plants which show the displacement off from lavish romanticism. The same are exhibited by the heavy presence of incantatory beats such as â€Å" I will originate and goaˆÂ ¦ and travel to Innisfree † . The same is seen in the wordss, â€Å" as passionate and cold as the morning † . The same plants discussed supra, seem to hold been compiled to demo the multiplicity of poetic functions that Yeats plays in the book. For case, in the verse forms, A Poet to His Beloved † and, â€Å" When you are old † Yeats is seen as a lover. In Yeats ‘ work of 1931 titled, â€Å" The Remorse and Interpretation of Speech † , he comes out as a combative and grim poet of the human scruples. His grim nature is seen in the line, â€Å" I carried from my female parent ‘s uterus, a overzealous bosom. † That Yeats explores the different sides of himself is a affair which is good underscored in this book which is a myriad of aggregations. The verse forms so, as already mentioned, are diverse in subject and nature. Some of the verse forms appear spiritualistic, occultist while others appear to be clannish. Therefore, the book is non merely an interesting read in this work on the history that it contains a aggregation of Yeats ‘ poetic plants, bu t besides because it depicts him as a adult male of many chapeaus, holding many Scopess on life affairs, every bit far as these verse forms are concerned. Yeats, B. William. â€Å" Among school kids. † The Norton Anthology of Poetry. New York: WW Norton and Company, 1975. This verse form was published in 1927 and comes out as a signifier of speculation. The verse form is rich in its range as it covers assorted subjects runing from kids, to human behaviour, life in the twentieth century, the doctrine on life and life after decease, among others. This verse form is an eight-lined stanza which is to a great extent loaded with rimes and the usage of matter-of-fact linguistic communication. The verse form has been written within the context of a visitant who has walked into a schoolroom under the counsel of a sort aged nun. The importance of this verse form to this reading is that in it, the poet addresses the dynamism that has shaped and continues to determine the civil society, advancement and modernness, as opposed to the position quo ante which predated the Civil War or the Anglo Irish War. The importance of this verse form to this reading is besides seen in the fact that it betrays the political ideals that Yeats had: the verse form implicates the talker as being a senator. It is in after 1924 that Yeats served as a senator. This makes the poem sound like a verse form which was penned down after the civil war, given that it is written from the point of view of a more peaceable and politically stable Ireland. Thus, the verse form is besides instrumental as it lets the reader in into Yeats ‘ political orientation and propensities. Therefore, the many qualities Yeats had and the many Fieldss he operated in, in footings of calling are good confirmed by this verse form. The verse form has philosophical value to it. This is seen in the point where Yeats debates within himself whether or non he was destined to fall in love with the school instructor and thereby allowing readers on the philosophical argument on whether it is adult male who is acted upon, or it is adult male who acts. Yeats, B. William. A Vision. New York: Macmillan Press, 1956. This work of poesy was authored and late on, published in 1956. In it, Yeats reveals his cosmology ( or worldview ) and the belief in the supernatural. This stuff remains really utile to the reading, given that in it, the controversial nature of Yeats is made known. It is against this the ‘serviceable lunacy ‘ which was attributed to him, are made known. In A Vision, Yeats seems to be diverting from the norms of his poesy. It is against this background that most analysts have described A Vision as an oddness. A Vision is said to capture the world and kineticss which characterized the 1920s, and such, is said to hold been written against the background of the thoughts of Karl Marx and Sigmund Freud which were continually doing inroads into the societal mainstream. A Vision is therefore seen to be antithetical to the disbelieving ideals which were being advanced by Marx and Freud. Therefore, it can be said that A Vision has been written in contrast to the development that had been taking topographic point at the beginning of the twentieth century. This is much seen to be true, courtesy of the mentioning of preternaturally divine cosmology in the verse form. There are elements in the verse form which are opposed to reason, equality, psychological science and the belief in advancement. Mythical, metaphorical elements, analogies and the usage of symbols and images to a great extent color the poetic work herein. Yeats, B. William and Jonathan, Allison. William Butler Yeats. 2003. This book is relevant to the survey, given that in it, the plants of Yeats are good disclosed. The book comes as a co-authorship of Yeats himself and Jonathan Allison. The book remains indispensible, given that it contains autobiography on Yeats ‘ life. The importance of this value to the reader is non merely based on the fact that it helps scholars get acquainted with the life and times of Yeats, but besides on the fact that the reader is able to grok widely, the verse forms that Yeats had penned down. This is because, like all others, all the verse forms that have been jotted down have been written within the historical context. At the same clip, the proviso of inside informations on Yeats ‘ life is instrumental in understanding the verse form since the thoughts that Yeats was conveying in poesy, had all been underpinned by his experiences and penchants, with these experiences earnestly determining his range and worldview. Second, the verse forms that are in this aggreg ation besides make the book a worthy reading. Yeats, B. William. The Autobiography of William Butler Yeats. New York: Collier Books. This book remains really of import, given that it provides an luxuriant history on the life and times of Yeats. The history of Yeats as a adult male born on June 13th, 1865 in Dublin County of Ireland, Sandymount small town, the blue background of Yeats is huffy good known. It is against this background one is able to larn of the birth, travels and experiences. The gravitation of the autobiography above is that it helps in the apprehension of Yeats ‘ plants, but besides in understanding the existent motive behind the countless plants of poesy that Yeats penned down. For case, in the verse form, â€Å" A Prayer for My Son † , one is able to derive its greater apprehension, on cognizing the fact Yeats ‘ boy was born on August 22nd, 1921, and that hence, this was a supplication that Yeats made for his boy, Michael. The same instance applies to the verse form, â€Å" A Prayer for My Daughter † which was written by Yeats to his girl Anne who was born in 1919. In about the same vena, one would derive great understanding on verse forms such as â€Å" A Man Young and Old † , when the reader appreciates the nature of the relationship that William Yeats had with Maud Gonne who was at the clip of their meeting, a 23 twelvemonth old fervent patriot and inheritress. Yeats, B. William. Poetry for Young People. Sterling Press ; August 28, 2002. This is a little volume, as an anthology of verse forms which is meant for the vernal audience. Alongside the verse forms, are commentaries which have besides been accompanied by images. The same has been to help in nurturing involvement and apprehension. This is of great importance, given that most of the immature people do non read Yeats, despite holding gone through the early classs which teach poesy. The importance of this aggregation is that it is a pudding stone of verse forms which are merriment to read. Give the interesting nature of the verse forms, discoursing the verse form among the immature becomes easy. The same picturesque and explanatory accounts have been presented to assist the instructor interact easy with his students in the poesy category. The same feature of the book helps parents and even grandparents read to their kids, and to present them ( the kids ) to the linguistic communication of poesy. The importance of this anthology is that it shows the cunning with which Yeats is able to utilize linguistic communication depending on context. For case, herein, it is obvious that Yeats descends from his complex buildings which are meant for more mature audience, to utilize simpler buildings for the younger audience. Indeed, the ability to alter the strength and grade of linguistic communication to accommodate the demands of an audience is one of the shots of adroitness and command over linguistic communication and literary devices and manners. Yeats, B. William. Yeats ‘ Poetry, Drama and Prose. New York: W. W. Norton A ; Company, March 3, 2000. Ed. 1. This book is a aggregation of the poesy, play and essays that have been written by Yeats. The importance of this book is that it does non merely do known the major parts in poesy, play, prose fiction and autobiography, but besides criticisms which have been leveled at Yeats and these plants. The criticisms herein are luxuriant, taking a volume of 24 interpretive essays which have been written by different seasoned writers and poets such as Douglas Archibald, Lucy McDiarmid, Thomas Parkinson and Daniel Albright, among others. How to cite Annotated Bibliography Of Yeats B William Poems English Literature Essay, Essay examples

Notes Americanization Or Candaisnism Essays -

Notes: Americanization or Candaisnism? -Many labours now had cars, radios, gramaphones etc. The railways had reached their golden age and lots of hotels were built. -Immigration flowed as steady as ever. -Prosperity came from U.S and their many companies and workers. -Canada impoted and exported much more to the U.S rather than Britain. -Companies found that they were needed in Canada. -The north-south access was strengthened by technology. -Highways to attract the American tourists developed. -The aeroplanes were improved and so were the telephones. -American investtors did not lend money as the British but opened branch companies in Canada. -Provinces became key actors in Canadian transportation. -Canadians wanted more education so the King goverment introduced the old age pensions. -Natural resource earning came to the prairies. -Prosperity was not shared equally between the provinces. Quebec, Ontario and B.C. were the prime winners. The Maritimes were the loosers. -Farmers of the West profited from Aaron Sapiro advice and raised their annual wheat pools above $2.00/bushell. -Most magazines came from the states and most Canadians immigrated there. -There were new American films and media in Canada. -Canadian resistors made a law to migrate any person that was interfearing with the Canadian opinions and that tried to shape it. -The group of Seven showed a distinctive American culture. -Groulx fought children of Quebec cinemas to stop the influence of American movies on them. He tried also to censor American imported books and magazines. GROWTH AND DISCONTENT -The munnition boards were shut down causing lots of workers to hunt for jobs. -The labour were not paid well and the veterans wanted their $2000 bonus. -Employers had low profits and wanted higher authority. -The Russian revolution encouraged unionist ideas. -In Calgary, march 1919, the unions talked about a workers revolution in Canada just like that in Russia. -They wanted to create One Big Union for all workers. -General strike began in Winippeg with more than 30000 workers and swept through all Canada. -They wanted the right to bargain with employers. -Parliment made it a crime to talk about a revolution. -June 21, 1919, the police killed the leaders of the strike in Winnipeg. This was called, "Bloody Saturday." -In 1924, unionship slipped down very muuch. -In 1925, the returning veterans made up the Canadian Legion to talk for them. -Most farmers went bankrupt when they borrowed money from the goverment for wheat that cost $2.15, which later in a year turned to $3.15 in the world market. -Inflation re-appeared in 1917 due to too much money but very few goods. -Banks raised interest to defeat the foe. -They wanted the investments in the two railways to be protected, by giving the crs the two lines to manage but Arthur Meighn refused. -The CNR was created and this was a disaster to the Maritimes. -In 1921, Borden wanted to stop being the Pm because he did not persuade Quebec premier Lomer Gouin to take over the unionist party. -William McKenzie King replaced Laurier who died in 1919 as the Liberal leader He was picked because of his labour knowledge. -P.C's won the 1921 election on a promise to regain free trade. -When Britain was about to go to war with Turkey, Canada refused to fight until the Parliment agreed. Thus it had a new identity. -Automobiles and mines between 1921-1925 created jobs. -In Oct.1925, King lost elections but refused to resign. -Gave a Prosperity buudget cutting off many taxes. -G.G Lord Byng was the one to refuse dissolution of McKenzie King who resigned. -In 1926, the economy was booming again.On Sept. 14 1926, King won the elections with a majority. A NEW DEAL -In 1930, the Canadians had turned to the Conservatives because they thought Bennet had their cure, but Bennet failed. -The Social Credits wanted poverty in the midst of plenty. - In the 1930's the socialists developed in Canada. -The Canadian Commonwealth Federation called for Canadian unity. -Here are the 14 points of the Manifiesto: *Esatbleshment of a planned economy. *Control of the people through the goverment of all financial services. *Goverment owns transportation and communication. *Help to farmers by securing their land ownership and crop sales. *Import and export boards set to control trade. *Encourage producer and consumer cooperatives. *National labour code to cope with things such as unemployment. *Public owned health and hospital services. *Amendment of the BNA so that Ottawa can deal with the depression. *Foreign policy to promote international peace. *Changes in the tax laws. *Freedom of speech and assembly. *Humanization of the law. *An emergency program to deal with things such as the depression. _This

People Who Can Help You on Election Day

People Who Can Help You on Election Day When voters walk into a busy polling place on election day, they see a vast array of people, most of them rushing around, doing lots of different things. Who are these people and what is their function in the election? Besides (hopefully) lots of other voters waiting to vote, youll see: Poll Workers These people are here to help you vote. They check voters in, making sure they are registered to vote and are at the correct polling place. They hand out ballots and show voters where to deposit their ballots after voting. Perhaps most importantly, poll workers can show voters how to use the particular type of voting device being used. If you have any problems using the voting machines or are not sure how to use the machine to complete your ballot, by all means, ask a poll worker. Poll workers either volunteer or are paid a very small stipend. They are not full-time government employees. They are people who are donating their time to help make sure elections are conducted fairly and efficiently. If you run into any problems while voting or waiting to vote, ask a poll worker to help you. If you make a mistake while filling out your ballot, let a poll worker know before you leave the polling place. The poll worker can give you a new ballot. Your old ballot will either be destroyed or placed in a separate ballot box for damaged or incorrectly marked ballots. Election judges At most polling places, there will be one or two election officials or election judges. Some states require one Republican and one Democratic election judge at each polling place. Election judges ensure that the election is conducted fairly. They settle disputes over voter qualification and identification, deal with damaged and incorrectly marked ballots and take care of any other issues involving interpretation and enforcement of election laws. In states that allow Election Day voter registration, election judges also register new voters on Election Day. Election judges officially open and close the polling place and are responsible for the safe and secure delivery of sealed ballot boxes to the vote counting facility after the polls close. As regulated by state laws, election judges are chosen by a board of elections, county official, city or town official, or state official. If an election judge appears to be â€Å"too young to vote† to you, 41 of 50 states allow high school students to serve as election judges or poll workers, even when the students are not yet old enough to vote. Laws in these states typically require that students selected as election judges or poll workers be at least 16 years of age and in good academic standing at their schools.   Other Voters Hopefully, you will see many other voters inside the polling place, waiting their turn to vote. Once inside the polling place, voters may not try to convince others how to vote. In some states, such politicking is prohibited both inside and outside within a certain distance of the doors of the polling place. Exit Poll Takers Especially at lager precincts, exit poll takers, usually representing the media, may ask people leaving the polling place which candidates they voted for. Voters are NOT required to respond to exit poll takers.

John Lewis, Civil Rights Activist and Elected Politician

John Lewis, Civil Rights Activist and Elected Politician John Lewis is currently a United States Representative for the Fifth Congressional District in Georgia. But during the 1960s, Lewis was a college student and served as chairman of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). Working first with other college students and later with prominent civil rights leaders, Lewis helped to end segregation and discrimination during the Civil Rights Movement. Early Life and Education John Robert Lewis was born in Troy, Ala., on February 21, 1940. His parents, Eddie and Willie Mae both worked as sharecroppers to support their ten children.   Lewis attended the Pike County Training High School in Brundidge, Ala., When Lewis was a teenager, he became inspired by the words of Martin Luther King Jr by listening to his sermons on the radio. Lewis was so inspired by Kings work that he began preaching at local churches. When he graduated from high school, Lewis attended the American Baptist Theological Seminary in Nashville. In 1958, Lewis traveled to Montgomery and met King for the first time. Lewis wanted to attend the all-white Troy State University and sought the civil rights leaders help in suing the institution. Although King, Fred Gray, and Ralph Abernathy offered Lewis legal and financial assistance, his parents were against the lawsuit. As a result, Lewis returned to American Baptist Theological Seminary. That fall, Lewis began attending direct action workshops organized by James Lawson. Lewis also began to follow the Gandhian philosophy of nonviolence, becoming involved in student sit-ins to integrate movie theaters, restaurants, and businesses organized by the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE). Lewis graduated from American Baptist Theological Seminary in 1961. The SCLC considered Lewis one of the most dedicated young men in our movement. Lewis was elected to the board of SCLC in 1962 to encourage more young people to join the organization. And by 1963, Lewis was named chairman of SNCC. Lewis married Lillian Miles in 1968. The couple had one son, John Miles. His wife died in December of 2012. Civil Rights Activist At the height of the Civil Rights Movement, Lewis was the chairman of SNCC. Lewis established Freedom Schools and the Freedom Summer. By 1963, Lewis was considered on the Big Six leaders of the Civil Rights Movement which included Whitney Young, A. Philip Randolph, James Farmer Jr., and Roy Wilkins. That same year, Lewis helped plan the March on Washington and was the youngest speaker at the event. When Lewis left SNCC in 1966, he worked with several community organizations before becoming community affairs director for the National Consumer Co-Op Bank in Atlanta. Lewis' Career in Politics In 1981, Lewis was elected to the Atlanta City Council. In 1986, Lewis was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives. Since his election, he has been reelected 13 times. During his tenure, Lewis ran unopposed in 1996, 2004 and 2008. He is considered a liberal member of the House and in 1998, The Washington Post said that Lewis was a fiercely partisan Democrat but†¦also fiercely independent. Atlanta Journal-Constitution said that Lewis was the only former major civil rights leader who extended his fight for human rights and racial reconciliation to the halls of Congress. And those who know him, from U.S. Senators to 20-something congressional aides, call him conscience of Congress. Lewis serves on the Committee on Ways and Means. He is a member of the Congressional Black Caucus, Congressional Progressive Caucus and Congressional Caucus on Global Road Safety. Lewis' Awards Lewis was awarded the Wallenberg Medal from the University of Michigan in 1999 for his work as an activist of civil and human rights. In 2001, the John F. Kennedy Library Foundation awarded Lewis with the Profile in Courage Award.   The following year Lewis received the Spingarn Medal from the NAACP. In 2012, Lewis was awarded LL.D degrees from Brown University, Harvard University and the University of Connecticut School of Law.

Skill Acquisition Worksheet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Skill Acquisition Worksheet - Essay Example Therefore, perfect coordination of footwork is very essential to reach the target. Gross body coordination: the body is in continuous motion during the play. Therefore, the movement of hand, eye, foot and back should be coordinated to hit the stroke at the right place and the right time. Stamina: undoubtedly, tennis is the sport that requires the greatest stamina. Therefore in order to sustain the energy level, breathing and cardiovascular effort is very important in addition to physical fitness. The information-processing theory basically tells about the cognitive development of an individual. The leaning of new things by the human mind is analyzed in this theory, which states that the sensory preceptors of the human mind receives information, which is then encoded and analyzed based on the perceptions and past experiences. This information is then stored in short term or long term memory depending on the nature of information. Whenever, a person learns new things, first he retrieves the previous information on the basis of which, he/she constructs new strategy to learn new things. a. ANTICIPATION: the information-processing theory helps an individual to take responsive action in course of particular situation. This response/decision is made on the basis of anticipation. Anticipation can be classified into two types: acceptor anticipation and receptor anticipation. Acceptor anticipation tells how much time an individual will take to coordinate the movement of his/her limbs. While receptor anticipation estimates the time required by a particular event to happen. The ability to anticipate the time and motion correctly is heavily dependent on past experiences and training. Human mind processes information/stimuli stored in short term and long term memory which is used to anticipate the information present in the environment on the basis of which the interceptor actions/responses are

1. Discuss the significance of Valley Forge Essay

1. Discuss the significance of Valley Forge - Essay Example Conditions in the Valley Forge were poor and inhumane. Many men suffered hunger, cold, and diseases, and eventually many of them died2. Amid the underlying challenges in the valley, the troops, under the command of General Washington, stayed committed to their goal. It is this persistence and resilience that would eventually make the American Revolution a dream-come-true. The course of liberty remained true and alive in their hearts. The continental army’s immense suffering in the Valley Forge kept them expectant that things would get better. Against all odds, Valley Forge provided the troops with an opportunity to train, reorganize, and get ready to face the British. The army had eventually secured help and support that allowed it to embark to the revolutionary pursuit. In this respect, Valley Forge was a defining factor of the course that American Revolution would take after June, 1778. Essentially, Valley Forge had taught the troops that what awaited them was not a walk in the park. In conclusion, the success of the American Revolution was partially attributed to Valley Forge. Even though troops had suffered and died in the valley, the dream of a liberal America remained alive. North American break off the British Empire received a vital boost from the mature army that emerged from Valley Forge. Suffering, sacrifice, freedom, and liberty characterized the Valley Forge troop activity in the light of the American

Key success Factors for Lenevo Core Competence of Lenovo

Key success Factors for Lenevo Core Competence of Lenovo Lenovo has its own unique core competence generating Competitive advantages. If we carefully review the unique business development history of Lenovo, it is not hard to track that what are the sources of Lenovos competitive advantages, and how these core competence have been built up, and to estimate if its competitive advantages are sustainable for its ongoing global expansion. In Lenovos early stage, it has some advantages from its parent. ICT supported Lenovo by providing ICTs facilities free of charge; Legend used ICTs name for doing business and then gained the strong support of government. These can be seen as supportive elements for building core competence. (Liu, 2005) The Ability of Learning Lenovo presents a significant ability of learning for capability development can be regarded as one of its core competence. An important source of learning was its customers. Lenovo learned from its customers through its direct contact with customers and its extensive PC distribution network. Apart from carefully observing customer purchasing habits, Lenovo actively sought out customer help to guide its product and service development. (Xie White, 2004). Another source of learning was from those multinationals. As mentioned earlier, even while it produces its own brand, Lenovo learned a lot from HP, IBM and Compaq such as marketing and management skills, personnel training, product design and customer services. (Xie White, 2004). The third source of learning is its internal RD activities. They attained the awareness of that proper RD activities should be combined with the engineering, and manufacturing, instead of purely pursuing cutting-edge technologies such as large-scale integrated circuits and digital switches (Xie White, 2004). A related view in terms of learning is that developing countries MNCs develop their advantages through the accumulation of technology and skills. Tolentino (1993) claims the importance of the accumulation of technological competence in the expansion of firms from developing countries. The Capability of Competing on Price Another core competence is Lenovos super capability of competing on the basis of product price. An article in Wall Street Journal (1997) points out that the prices of Lenovos products are only roughly two-thirds of those of foreign brands. Lenovo successfully maintained a lower cost structure than multinationals, (Liu, 2005) Firstly, the management costs of Lenovo are lower than those of its competitors especially foreign firms doing business in China. (Liu, 2005) .Second, owning to more foreign component producers such as Seagate (the no.1 hard driver producer in the world) have established manufacturing operations in China, Lenovo and other Chinese PC makers benefited from cost savings of cheaper components purchasing. Apart from these above, Lenovo constantly concentrated on the cost reduction in all activities including manufacturing, RD, marketing, distribution etc. and accumulated great experience in this field. (Liu, 2005) The Ability to Establish and Manage Effective and Efficient Distribution Network Among domestic and foreign IT companies, in Chinese market, Lenovo can be awarded as the no. 1 company with the best distribution network management. Lenovo have approximately 50 authorized distributors in each of the seven regions in China, and each distributor has its own reseller network. There are over 2, 000 resellers in Lenovos distribution network. Additionally, it has 130 1+1 PC specialty shops in major cities. (Liu, 2005) To be compared, IBM has no more than ten main distributors in some major cities. It could be imaged t hat how hard to manage and control such a huge network. But Lenovo has cultivated a positive relationship with its distributors by implementing a win-win strategy. Many distributors had grown with Lenovo over years. (Liu, 2005) Even when Lenovo constantly increased the depth and breadth of its distribution network, it never encountered any big conflicts among its distributors. The huge and effective network gives Lenovo much greater geographic coverage than either domestic or foreign companies in Chinese IT market. (Liu, 2005) Therefore, the ability of building and managing such huge distribution network and constantly exploring the potential of the network can be seen as another source of Lenovos core competence. (Liu, 2005) To be concluded, the abilities of learning, cost reduction and building and managing sophisticated distribution network are supposed to be the core competence of Lenovo. Additionally, in Chinese market, the brand name-Lenovo is also an important core competence of Lenovo. But in the context of global scale, the brand of Lenovo is still waiting for customers recognition. (Liu, 2005) These core competences sustain Lenovos success in domestic market. However, Lenovo is undertaking its new globalization strategy. The question is that if they can generate sustainable competitive advantages for global competition and what are the challenges of existing in its globalization process. The next section is the case study of Lenovo acquiring IBM PCD (Personal Computer Division) and the objective is to challenge its international expansion strategy and its core competence in the context of global competition. (Liu, 2005) Giant Step of Globalization: The Acquisition of IBM PCD Lenovo group ltd. has completed its $1.75 billion purchase of IBMs PC Division, creating the third-largest PC vendor in the world and giving IBM greater entree into the rapidly growing Chinese market. According to the agreement of the acquisition, Lenovo will gain control of IBMs Think desktop and ThinkPad laptop brands, as well as the thousands of IBM PC customers. Lenovo is allowed to use the IBM name for five years. However, the new Lenovo will have a strong IBM presence. Many of the top executives have moved over from IBM, including Stephen Ward, the former vice president and general manager of IBMs PC Division and now CEO of Lenovo. Yang Yuanqing, president and CEO of Lenovo Group Ltd, will become chairman. In addition, 10,000 of Lenovos 19,000 employees are former IBMs employees, and IBM will continue to provide service and support for the IBM products. Lenovos headquarters will move to Armonk, New York, and IBM also holds an 18.9 percent stake in the new company. (Burt, 2005; Daniels, 2005; Khanna, 2005; Dowling, 2005) The Lenovos Strategy for Global Expansion Apparently, Lenovo realized that there are not so much potential of Chinese PC market after becoming the leading PC maker in China. And becoming a real global player is the Urgent mission for Lenovo. A common view of firms internationalization process is that the internationalization is the process of accumulating experiential knowledge and market commitment in foreign markets (e.g. Bilkey Tesar, 1977; Johanson Vahlne, 1977; Chang, 1995). Firms tend to start their internationalization process by exporting to countries with similar culture. (Sharma Blomstermo, 2003). Lenovo chose the most efficient way (the acquisition) for its global expansion and foreign market entry. The founder Liu Chuanzhi has such a comment on the acquisition in an interview (Chandler, 2004): We have a $3 billion business with 27% market share in China. Theres not much room to expand. The global PC market is $200 billion, so theres still a lot of potential. IBM has all the things we need. This deal brings us market share, Management know-how, technology, and international reach. The strategy decision to acquire IBM PCD has been given careful considerations in Lenovo. In 2002, Lenovo almost refused the suggestion of the acquisition approached firstly by IBM since the top managers of Lenovo thought it was too risky. (Chandler, 2004) But they also saw this as a great opportunity to become a global PC maker. After one years consideration, analysis and learning from big multinationals, they understood the opportunities and challenges related to this deal and decided to implement this acquisition. (Chandler, 2004) As Liu Chuanzhi said in the same interview as above: As discussions progressed, we gained confidence that many of the risks wed feared could be distributed or controlled. For example, we worried about losing customers. So we worked out an agreement that would allow us to continue using the IBM brand, to keep the IBM salespeople, and even to keep the top IBM executive as CEO. That gave us confidence we could give customers the same level of service and quality after the acquisition. (Chandler, 2004) The main advantage of acquisition is that it provides the fastest way to enter foreign markets and rapidly build the firms presence in these new national markets. Through the acquisition, Lenovo becomes the third biggest PC multinational of the world from a little-known Chinese PC maker and then makes a giant step forward of internationalization. (Chandler, 2004) Furthermore, acquisition provides the great opportunity to acquire valuable resources of the acquired company. Through the acquisition, Lenovo attains the IBMs global market share, global management skills, top PC technologies and the outstanding ability of RD, experienced managers and other personnel, and as Liu Chuanzhi mentioned, the International reach. (Chandler, 2004) Lenovo appears great confidence on their ability of learning for absorbing these merits from IBM PCD. (Chandler, 2004) For example, IBM PCD was commonly regarded as the sophisticated expert in serving corporate customers, while Lenovo was significantly good at selling PCs in consumer market. Such a successful combination of these advantages of both sides will definitely result in great performance. Additionally, Lenovo hopes that combining Lenovos price advantage with IBMs engineering will deal with Dells formidable threat (Forelle, 2005). The Necessity to Form the Strategic Alliance Lenovo was known as one of Chinas most promising companies in the early 1990s, with its sales more than tripled between the year 1994 and 1998, and Asias leading PC vendor outside Japan at the end of the 1990s (Lau, 2004a). However, before the declaration of the alliance with IBM, the company had encountered with obstacles for its further expansion and development. (Lau, 2004a). Though Lenovo is the largest PC maker in China with more than a quarter of the market share, it does little business outside the country. The increasing fierce competition from aggressive foreign rivals such as Dell and HP in the past few years in Chinese market has put further pressures on Lenovos margins. (Lau, 2004a). - Rather than just continue to concentrate on the domestic Chinese market, the decision to go global is a necessity for Lenovo at that critical time. Under these circumstances, Lenovo decided to form the deal with IBM to acquire its low profitability PC business with US$1.75bn. According to the terms of the agreement, Lenovo pays US$650m in cash and up to US$600m in shares (which later changed to US$800m and US$450m share value), giving IBM an 18.9 per cent stake as well as shouldering US$500m in debt; and IBM will become the Chinese PC makers preferred supplier of support services and customer financing. For Lenovos part, the acquisition quadruples its sales to more than US$12bn and expands its sales market globally; besides being given the ownership of the Think family trademarks, Lenovo also gains the right to produce IBM-branded PCs under a five-year licensing agreement (FT reporters, 2004; Simon, 2004). Motives toward Lenovo IBMs Strategic Alliance Lenovos takeover of IBMs PC division has been described as snake ate the elephant, and the deal pulls Lenovo from the eighth-largest PC maker in the world to the third-largest just behind Dell and HP (Buetow, 2005; Ling, 2006; London, 2004). The motivations that drive the formation of the strategic alliance between Lenovo and IBM can be analyzed from two perspectives. For Lenovos aspect, though Lenovo is the largest IT Company in China, its products are mainly within China. Michele Mak, an analyst at ABN Omro, once commented that Lenovos distribution network is its biggest problem, and it is not well adapted to serving the small and medium-sized companies who usually buy directly (Lau, 2004a). Thus, in the first place, with an intention to expand its business globally, the firm needs a well-developed worldwide distribution network, which happens to be the advantage of IBM. As what has been announced by Lenovo, the agreement between the two firms includes broad-based strategic alliance under which Lenovos products will be integrated into IBMs global service offerings, which also became the impetus to the deal. - Secondly, as a world-leading company like IBM, it has specialized and advanced skills in sales and marketing functions, for Lenovo, the sales and marketing support, as well as the RD support are significant and of a necessity in its way to a multinational enterprise, which is also part of the agreement (Lenovo.com, 2007c). - Thirdly, the use of IBMs globally recognized brand is an impetus to accelerate the alliance, and also perceived as a sweet victory for Lenovo. The local brand Lenovo, formerly known as Legend, will become more valuable in the market after its association with the ThinkPad series of laptops. And also, Lenovos right to use the IBM brand on the computers for five years adds more value and trustworthiness to the brand, as despite the fact that Lenovo is the largest PC maker in China and Asia, it is little known elsewhere in the world, even with the ownership of ThinkPad family trademarks, it can hardly divert the loyal customers from IBM to Lenovo (London, 2004). Furthermore, analysts said that the deal could enable Lenovo to cut procurement costs (Guerrera and Dickie, 2004). The Performance after Acquisition The fiscal report combining two months after the completion of the acquisition truly shows a magic turnaround of PCD (Ramstad, 2005) with a profit of $33 million, while the PCD recorded a pre-tax loss of $149 million before joining Lenovo. (Liu, 2005) Further, the latest fiscal report (The First Fiscal Quarter Report 2005/2006, Lenovo) reported on 11th Aug 2005 illustrates a great performance of Lenovo Group Ltd., with revenue up 234% from organic growth in emerging markets and PC business acquisition, EBITDA up 135% to HK$829 million, pre-tax profit increased 54% to HK$515 million, and profit attributable to shareholders up 6% to HK$357 million. (Liu, 2005) However, this turnaround remains some strong arguments. Ramstad (2005) argues that Lenovo gives no evidence of the sustainability of the turnaround and there are some accounting differences. Nevertheless, the fact is that Lenovo has achieved the first step of Success. (Liu, 2005) The time will answer such questions such as whether the acquisition is successful or not, how Lenovo efficiently and effectively manage the global business, and What is the final result of this acquisition? (Liu, 2005) From the reports in Lenovos archive, the following critical success factors were identified in planning stage: 1) Top management support: Believed to be critically important in the early stage to engender commitment, provide direction and resources. CEO of Lenovo and senior managers decided to implement ERP project in 1998 and invested 30 millions RMB in the project. (Tang, 2007) 2.) External expertise: In the planning stage, technology support and management consultancy was received from 38 vendors and consultants. Regarding to implementation plan and SAP process. Deloitte and SAP Corporation were participated in planning Lenovos ERP system. (Tang, 2007) 3.) Project management: Detailed project plan was developed with the help from ERP vendor and consultants. Before the implementation, Deloitte supplied with FastTrack solution, business process re-engineering and module designing for Lenovos ERP project. (Tang, 2007) 4.) Clear Goals: Project objectives and staged implementation developed. From senor managers statement presented earlier, the goals of ERP implementation are support rapid business growth, address data sharing issues, and obtain a competitive advantage and new management techniques. (Tang, 2007) 5.) Balanced project team: Mix of IT professions and senior management. Project team consist consultants from SAP Corporation and Deloitte, IT professionals in Lenovo and heads of other departments (SCM, finance, sales and productions). (Tang, 2007) Organizational System-Knowledge management Lenovo Group puts priority on knowledge management, and established specific knowledge management department in 2003 to conduct planning and implementation of knowledge management of the whole group. Cultivation and introduction of knowledge-type workers also achieve notable effect, and recruited a lot of talents acquainted with knowledge management knowledge and software.(Ming,_ _ _ _) At the beginning of 2004, Lenovo integrated knowledge management, information management and flow management to the flow management department. This integration makes knowledge management more executable not only more authoritative, but also practicable with feasible means, because the flow management department takes charge of deciding posts, deciding flow and deciding organization, and enjoy authoritativeness within the company. (Ming,_ _ _ _) When knowledge management and information system are integrated, knowledge management becomes more practical and feasible, and this orientation has made knowledge management play a more important role in the company. Because knowledge management and business execution are combined together, i.e. knowledge comes from business and should feedback to business, the flow requires that knowledge be turned over, then the authoritativeness is represented. As index management of the flow, including deciding posts, deciding responsibility and review, knowledge management is closely related with unfolding of various items of work of the company, not confined to simple knowledge management. (Ming,_ _ _ _) System Design Lenovo carries out knowledge management in four steps. The first step is the definition of knowledge. Lenovo has many business flow links or activities, the first step is to tidy up the business flow of the company, identify activities in the flow, find knowledge hidden behind various activities to form a knowledge map and expose the hidden knowledge(Ming,_ _ _ _) The second step is to conduct efficient classification over knowledge. Behind each post there contains corresponding contents of organizational management, once posts are set, the flow has been decided and it is hard to modify. Of course, this is based on alignment of knowledge. (Ming,_ _ _ _) - The third step is to encourage staff contribute knowledge. In order to establish a knowledge management incentive system of vigorously promoting staff passing on knowledge, Lenovo Group sets knowledge management as an index of assessing staff performance. Lenovos knowledge management system includes assessment tools, using every piece of information of knowledge, the user shall have to give a score of appraisal. (Ming,_ _ _ _) To a certain stage, Lenovo will conduct statistics to form a statement. In this way, according to the latest and most valuable knowledge ranking of every month or every week, staff members with most knowledge contribution will be awarded corresponding material incentive. (Ming,_ _ _ _) Process of Implementation In the concrete process of implementation, Lenovo divides the whole process into four stages as follows: pilot demonstration stage, knowledge integration summarization stage, optimization sharing stage and business audit stage. (Ming,_ _ _ _) First stage: pilot demonstration. Select pilot units and implement knowledge management. Explore problems and resistance arising out of the process of implementation of knowledge management and seek corresponding solutions, endeavor to pose a demonstrative effect on whole group upon knowledge management in pilot units. (Ming,_ _ _ _) Second stage: knowledge integration. Based on experience from pilot stage, divide the group into many teams and many project teams to swiftly promote various departments set up their own knowledge system. The main work is concentrated on effective classification, integration and issuing of current knowledge. This stage is not intended to pursue optimization of knowledge system, and the key is to establish the primary knowledge system of the whole group as soon as possible. (Ming,_ _ _ _) Third stage: dynamic sharing. Operate knowledge management flow, realize dynamic running of knowledge database, and optimize incessantly the established knowledge system in the dynamic updating process. Promote learning sharing and help others solve problems, conduct knowledge quality assessment in the process of sharing and application, and implement knowledge contribution incentive measures. (Ming,_ _ _ _) Fourth stage: knowledge audit. Carry out audit over validity of each link of activities of the whole flow, and provide programs of improvement and promote management improvement. (Ming,_ _ _ _) Lenovo recruits expertise of two types as map retrieving operation and flow management to conduct appraisal and testing over the system, and arrange quite a lot of human resources to update and maintain knowledge database. Each piece of knowledge has a valid period, and the system will retrieve automatically after the valid period to ensure constant updating of knowledge. (Ming,_ _ _ _) Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Lenovo Lenovo, a prestigious IT company in China, is a shining example of entrepreneurship in China. It has achieved sustainable development in the highly competitive high-tech industry in the past decades. However, the development of Lenovo is zigzag but forward moving.(Bao, 2 _ _ _) - Lenovo developed the software and the Chinese character card, which helped the company to accumulate the necessary capital for its further development. In its eveloping period (1987-1988), Lenovo took up the most market share of the product through further research and development. Meanwhile, it began to act as the agent for the other international famous PC brands. In so doing, it learnt advanced international technology, and established its sales network. .(Bao, 2 _ _ _) Then the company entered the third period (1989-1996). Both its software business and agency business achieved steady growth. Meanwhile, it started to develop the overseas market. Thus the company has become a company with technical industry, manufacturing industry and trade industry. But soon, it faced the worldwide IT restructuring, its overseas sales declined, but Lenovo made a quick change. It started to manufacture the PC with its own brand instead of other international famous brands. This innovation brought rebirth to the company. .(Bao, 2 _ _ _) In 1996, the company took up 10% of the market share and ranked the first place in China. The company smoothly entered the forth developed period (1997-2000), during which its PC business continue to enjoy steady growth. .(Bao, 2 _ _ _) According to the IPC market survey in August, 1998, Lenovo ranked one of the top three in Asia pacific area and its sales volume of household computers ranked the first place in the area. In 1999, its total sales volume reached RMB 9,000 millions. All this indicates that Lenovo has developed into a large international IT company. .(Bao, 2 _ _ _) - The forth developed period laid a good foundation for the fifth period-the renovation period (2001-2007). With the competition of PC market becoming more and more fierce, the profit is getting smaller. Accordingly, Lenovo made some adjustment of the company structure. On one hand, it continued to do the PC business to achieve its scale merit; on the other hand, it developed the business in the fields of servers, mobile phone, IT service and e-commerce to seek new profit growth. Thus, Lenovo achieved phenomenal growth in this period. .(Bao, 2 _ _ _) - Mr. Liu Chuan Zhi, the president of the company, made different innovations in different periods of the development of the company. In the starting period, he adopted a layer structure, a flat organization through which the company can enjoy rapid development. In the developing period, he changed the structure into a ship structure to adapt to the increasing scale of the enterprise. In the developed period, he adopted the united fleet structure for the company. And accordingly, he changed his leading style from centralization to cooperation, decentralization and coaching to meet the needs of the different periods of development of the enterprise. .(Bao, 2 _ _ _) Mr. Liu projects his vision of the future and adopts both steady forward moving strategies, through which Lenovo has won a lot of market chances. Besides, he shows his upbeat attitude at critical moments. .(Bao, 2 _ _ _) In 1992, the business of the company was not satisfactory in overseas market. Mr. Liu Changed his strategy and focused on the market in China so that the company still achieved growth in difficult times. In 1999, the company failed temporarily in its transformation into an internet company. At the critical moment, Mr. Liu made a quick change and entered e-commerce field with the existence of former software business, which has proved to be a success. .(Bao, 2 _ _ _) Whats more, he is very strong in coaching, for he has successfully left his managing position to his successor. All this indicates that it is the entrepreneurship that led the company to one success and another. .(Bao, 2 _ _ _) Strong lure of Brand opportunity Lenovo is a good illustration of the strong lure of brand, opportunity, and purpose. Its acquisition of IBMs personal computer operations, in 2005, made it the third-largest personal computer company in the world. (Ready,Hill Conger) The IBM acquisition produced something of a halo effect for Lenovo, and Chinese workers felt pride that China had been able to buy part of an American business icon. Lenovos brand was and is attractive to ambitious young workers with dreams of their own-people who are building careers and not simply looking for jobs. (Ready,Hill Conger) Lenovo was an early standout for these rising stars. Lenovo also built a global perspective into its brand promise; to become a great company it would have to expand beyond its home market. That meant opportunity. (Ready,Hill Conger) - President and CEO Bill Amelio describes his company as a stage without a ceiling for every employee- worldwide. In a truly global spirit, Lenovos top-team meetings rotate among Beijing, Hong Kong, Singapore, Paris, and Raleigh, North Carolina. (Ready,Hill Conger) - Lenovos brand promise credibly communicates that nationality doesnt matter; if an employee demonstrates capability and vision, there are no limits. The playing field is level. (Ready,Hill Conger) - Lenovos brand promise credibly communicates that nationality doesnt matter; if an employee demonstrates capability and vision, there are no limits. The playing field is level. (Ready,Hill Conger) What makes Lenovos talent-tracking process work, however, is that the career maps are linked to key slots across the globe and accountability for the entire process rests squarely with line leadership, not with HR. Its employees are ambitious, and Lenovo needs to demonstrate that it is serious about developing their careers. (Ready,Hill Conger) 6) Lenovos PCs can be priced competitively to those of Dell and HP without sacrificing quality or any features. Lenovos low cost advantage is never based on cutting RD and low quality. (Ready,Hill Conger) Lenovo have improved its manufacturing efficiency by centralizing production in China where most of the components are made which will eliminate shipping cost before assembly. Further, as mentioned earlier, Lenovo can maintain a low cost of overhead. For example, before the deal, IBM PCD can achieve 24% of gross margin, but the net profit was negative owning to its high cost of overhead. Meanwhile, Lenovo only has gross margin of 14% but with a net profit of 5%.(Ready,Hill Conger)

History Unit 2

â€Å"Do you agree with the view suggested in source 5 that the main factor preventing the press from publishing ‘bad news’ during the Boer war was censorship by the military authorities? † Bad news during the Boer war was events such as the mass death which occurred in the concentration camps. Source 5 says that â€Å"some journalists tried to report bad news as well as good, but in the face of military cenecorship, they did not persist†. I do agree with the view suggested by Source 5 because the Boer war was the first to have an official British army censor unlike the Crimean war where the events which went on during then remains questionable .Source 4 seems to agree with the view suggested in source 5 by describing the war as a time for the press â€Å"to conform to every reasonable restriction it may seem desirable for the military authorities to impose†. However, source 6 seems to disagree with both 4 and 5 as it described the war correspondent as becoming â€Å"increasingly jingoistic† this term is therefore describing the press as being fanatically patriotic. Source 4 is primary evidence which was published in 1990 by a real war correspondent, thus making his claim more reliable that â€Å"to write anything detrimental to the national interest† would be going against military regulations.This suggests that there were restrictions placed upon what the press could print that would paint Britain in a bad name, especially the conservative party. Similarly, Source 5 a book published in 2002 leaves the open question as to whether the publisher Peter Browning has been influenced by different thoughts since the war, therefore making the reliability of the information provided in the source questionable. However the content of the source does suggest that there were limits placed upon what the press could published, this is because the military authorities wanted the British people to remain patriotic as implied by source 6.Source 6 was published by The Daily Mail, one of the most best selling newspaper in the country and was particularly enthusiastic about the war, along with this, it may be accurate to suggest that one of the main of this newspaper was to keep sales going by giving the British people what they want to hear and hide the truth in what really happened as suggested in both Source 4 and especially Source 5, similarly to the Crimean war.In conclusion, I agree with the source given by Source 5 as I know that the military authorities did want to prevent the publishing of bad news in the Boer war. Lord Kitchener felt that the press needed to be controlled, this made him introduce the greater censorship during the guerrilla phase of the way which was between 1900 and 1901, which is ironic because the book was published in 1995, painting the war in good light with the press enjoying â€Å"their war through music hall songs†. Therefore achieving its aim of hiding the ‘bad n ews which may have occurred during the 1 History Unit 2 â€Å"Do you agree with the view suggested in source 5 that the main factor preventing the press from publishing ‘bad news’ during the Boer war was censorship by the military authorities? † Bad news during the Boer war was events such as the mass death which occurred in the concentration camps. Source 5 says that â€Å"some journalists tried to report bad news as well as good, but in the face of military cenecorship, they did not persist†. I do agree with the view suggested by Source 5 because the Boer war was the first to have an official British army censor unlike the Crimean war where the events which went on during then remains questionable .Source 4 seems to agree with the view suggested in source 5 by describing the war as a time for the press â€Å"to conform to every reasonable restriction it may seem desirable for the military authorities to impose†. However, source 6 seems to disagree with both 4 and 5 as it described the war correspondent as becoming â€Å"increasingly jingoistic† this term is therefore describing the press as being fanatically patriotic. Source 4 is primary evidence which was published in 1990 by a real war correspondent, thus making his claim more reliable that â€Å"to write anything detrimental to the national interest† would be going against military regulations.This suggests that there were restrictions placed upon what the press could print that would paint Britain in a bad name, especially the conservative party. Similarly, Source 5 a book published in 2002 leaves the open question as to whether the publisher Peter Browning has been influenced by different thoughts since the war, therefore making the reliability of the information provided in the source questionable. However the content of the source does suggest that there were limits placed upon what the press could published, this is because the military authorities wanted the British people to remain patriotic as implied by source 6.Source 6 was published by The Daily Mail, one of the most best selling newspaper in the country and was particularly enthusiastic about the war, along with this, it may be accurate to suggest that one of the main of this newspaper was to keep sales going by giving the British people what they want to hear and hide the truth in what really happened as suggested in both Source 4 and especially Source 5, similarly to the Crimean war.In conclusion, I agree with the source given by Source 5 as I know that the military authorities did want to prevent the publishing of bad news in the Boer war. Lord Kitchener felt that the press needed to be controlled, this made him introduce the greater censorship during the guerrilla phase of the way which was between 1900 and 1901, which is ironic because the book was published in 1995, painting the war in good light with the press enjoying â€Å"their war through music hall songs†. Therefore achieving its aim of hiding the ‘bad n ews which may have occurred during the 1

Ancient Greek History Tripod at Delphi

Tripod comes from Greek words meaning 3 feet and refers to a three-legged structure. The best known tripod is the stool at Delphi on which the Pythia sat to produce her oracles. This was sacred to Apollo and was a bone of contention in Greek mythology between Hercules and Apollo. In Homer, tripods are given as gifts and are like 3-footed cauldrons, sometimes made of gold and for the gods. Delphi Delphi held extreme importance to the ancient Greeks. From the Encyclopedia Britannica: Delphi is an ancient town and seat of the most important Greek temple and oracle of Apollo. It lay in the territory of Phocis on the steep lower slope of Mount Parnassus, about 6 miles (10 km) from the Gulf of Corinth. Delphi is now a major archaeological site with well-preserved ruins. It was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1987. Delphi was considered by the ancient Greeks to be the centre of the world. According to ancient myth, Zeus released two eagles, one from the east, the other from the west, and caused them to fly toward the centre. They met at the future site of Delphi, and the spot was marked by a stone called the omphalos (navel), which was later housed in the Temple of Apollo. According to legend, the oracle at Delphi originally belonged to Gaea, the Earth goddess, and was guarded by her child Python, the serpent. Apollo is said to have slain Python and founded his own oracle there. Delphic Oracle The great Panhellenic sanctuary at Delphi on the northern coast of the Gulf of Corinth was home to the Delphic Oracle. It was also the site of the Pythian Games. The first stone temple there was built in the Archaic Age of Greece and burned in 548 B.C. It was replaced (c. 510) by members of the Alcmaeonid family. Later it was again destroyed and rebuilt in the 4th century B.C. The remains of this Delphic sanctuary are what we see today. The sanctuary may have preceded the Delphic Oracle, but we dont know. Delphi is best known as the home of the Delphic Oracle or the Pythia, a priestess of Apollo. The traditional picture is of the Delphic Oracle, in an altered state, muttering words inspired by the god, which male priests transcribed. In our composite picture of the goings-on, the Delphic oracle sat on a great bronze tripod in a spot above a crevice in rocks from which vapors rose. Before sitting, she burned laurel leaves and barley meal on the altar. She also wore a laurel wreath and carried a sprig. The oracle closed down for 3 months a year at which time Apollo wintered in the land of the Hyperboreans. While he was away, Dionysus may have taken temporary control. The Delphic Oracle was not in constant communion with the god, but produced prophecies only on the 7th day after the new moon, for the 9 months of the year during which Apollo presided. The Odyssey (8.79-82) provides our first reference to the Delphic Oracle. Modern Usage A tripod has come to refer to any portable three-legged structure that is used as a platform for supporting the weight and maintaining the stability of something.

Rousseau And Hobbes Views On The State Of Nature - 2565 Words

The state of nature has been a central discussion in the world of political philosophy for hundreds of years. According to philosophers Thomas Hobbes, this discussion reveals the underlying causes as to why we needed to establish political societies. Jean-Jacques Rousseau felt that this discussion was vital to establishing the causes of man’s misery. Rousseau and Hobbes held similar, yet contrasting views on the state of nature. Hobbes, a conservative, who lived during the 17th century, theorized that human nature is naturally violent and competitive. Rousseau, a liberal, who conducted his work in the 18th century, put forth the idea that the state of nature is largely good and that society is the force that corrupts man. Similarly, both Rousseau and Hobbes’ views appeal to the state of nature as a chapter before political society was formed; yet their theories on the state of nature are contrasting. This paper will compare the similarities and differences between these two theories as well as analyze the effects of these views of the state of nature. Hobbes’ theory on the state of nature is based on the concept of individualism: that the individuals who comprise society are the only factors to be considered when analyzing it. Consequently, Hobbes claimed that men are all selfish and simply concerned with themselves, regardless of the damage that their actions cause to others. This behavior would result in divergence, and ultimately lead to a ‘State of War’ between men.Show MoreRelatedHobbes And Rousseau s Views On The State Of Nature868 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferent views on one central issue. For example Thomas Hobbes, and Jean Jacques Rousseau interpret a Man’s Nature very differently from each other. The discussion over Man’s Nature brings light to Hobbes underlying reason of why people established political societies, and Rousseau’s question of what causes a mans misery? In Hobbes case he believes that Men need to find self-protection in order to shield themselves from men’s n atural state of misery and fear. On the other hand, Rousseau didn’t seeRead MoreHobbes And Rousseau s View Of State Of Nature1486 Words   |  6 PagesFor centuries, many political philosophers used â€Å"state of nature† as the starting point of their theories about society, chief among them Hobbes and Rousseau. Even though both philosophers saw state of nature as the phase prior to formation of societies, Hobbes saw the state of nature as a step to the better phase (a political society ruled by sovereign), while Rousseau saw it as a step to man’s misery. For Hobbes, man’s natural state is fearful and chaotic phase which create the need for an institutionRead MoreRousseau s View On State Of Nature1551 Words   |  7 Pagesargument of the state of nature often comes into discussion. However, two mainstream philosophers Thomas Hobbes and Jean- Jacques Rousseau have similarities, but mostly have multiple different ideas on this theory. Although Hobbes mak es valid points Rousseau s view on state of nature is more realistic then Hobbes. Rousseau’s view on the state of nature is interpreted as a forest, and refers to the â€Å"savage man†. He begins by explaining how he relates man to an animal he states â€Å"when I strip thatRead MoreSimilarities And Differences Between Hobbes And Rousseau965 Words   |  4 Pagesassessment is drawn from the works of Hobbes and Rousseau, whom despite addressing many of the same issues differed greatly on issues such as the state, human nature, and inequality, posing difficulty in telling who among the two represented a better view of those issues. A breakdown of the various works of both Hobbes and Rousseau will assist in examining the similarities and differences in their views on the three issues. To start with, Rousseau is of the view that human beings are not naturallyRead MoreHuman Nature Is Good, And Being A Beast1165 Words   |  5 Pages Thomas Hobbes was an English philosopher, and the author of Leviathan. Hobbes declared that human life was â€Å"solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short†(Hobbes, 107). Hobbes felt that the natural state of man was beast-like, and savage. Thus, he felt that it is civilization that influences and challenges humanity from our fundamental wickedness. Within his view, human nature is dangerous; which can only be rescued through culture and community. According to Hobbes, being â€Å"civilized† is good, and beingRead MoreThe Social Contract : Hobbes Vs. Rousseau1457 Words   |  6 PagesThe Social Contract: Hobbes vs. Rousseau Since the beginning of the modern age, governments and states have existed in order to maintain moral law. Essentially these institutions are for the greater good of humanity. However, little thought is ever given to how humans lived without governments. Each and every person in the modern age is born into a state, and becomes a part of that state regardless of their will. The concept that humans are born into a state is derived from the social contractRead MoreThomas Hobbes And Jean Jacques Rousseau1728 Words   |  7 PagesThomas Hobbes and Jean Jacques Rousseau are both considered Enlightenment thinkers, their ideas vary greatly in the political continuum. Both of their theories have certain components which may appear to be symmetric, but upon closer examination, their differences stem from the very way in which they view human nature. From there, each man builds up to the creation of a commonwealth in a way that reflects which type of government they support. The political the ories of Hobbes and Rousseau share manyRead MoreRousseau s Views On The State Of Nature And Civilization1401 Words   |  6 PagesIn this essay, I will compare the contrasting views between Thomas Hobbes and Jean Jacques Rousseau based on the state of nature and civilization. Rousseau was seen as an optimist who viewed human nature as good (â€Å"Noble Savage†) and believed that civilization corrupted us; While, Hobbes thought the complete opposite believing that humans in their natural state were selfish creatures purely interested in themselves and that government is imperative in keeping us in check. Throughout this essay, IRead MoreComparison of Thomas Hobbes and Jean-Jacques Rousseau Essay1092 Words   |  5 Pages Human nature and its relevance in determining behaviors, predictions, and conclusions has caused dispute among philosophers throughout the ages. Political philosophy with its emphasis on government legitimacy, justice, laws, and rights guided the works of the 17th and 18th century philosophical writings of Thomas Hobbes and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Through Thomas Hobbes world-renowned publication Leviathan and Rousseau’s discourses on basic political principals and concepts, each man validated theirRead MoreModern Practices Of Hobbes And Rousseau Core Humanities Paper No1470 Words   |  6 Pagesï ¿ ¼University of Nevada, Reno Modern Practices of Hobbes and Rousseau Core Humanities Paper No. 1 Kimberly Martin CH 202 Joe Taglieber September 22, 2015 Martin !1 ï ¿ ¼Thomas Hobbes and Jean-Jacques Rousseau were philosophers from the 16th and 17th centuries. Hobbes and Rousseau developed theories that explained the development of human nature and how men govern themselves given the circumstances around them. Thomas Hobbes and Jean-Jacques Rousseau both have become the most influential philosophers of